The latest editions of the TOP500 and Green500 lists were released on Tuesday 10 June 2025 on the first day of the ISC High Performance Conference being held this week in Hamburg, Germany.
Once again, all operational EuroHPC supercomputers are featured on the TOP500 list of the world’s most powerful systems, with two ranked in the global top 10 enabling breakthrough research and innovation every day.
JUPITER: New Europe’s Fastest Supercomputer
Ranked number 4 on the latest TOP500 list, JUPITER is propelling Europe’s computing power to an unprecedented level. With an intermediate computing power of nearly 800 petaflops, equivalent to 800 million billion calculations per second, it is by far Europe’s fastest supercomputer.
Soon to be capable of delivering 1 ExaFLOP of computing power, or more than 1 trillion (1,000,000,000,000,000,000) operations per second, JUPITER will become Europe’s first Exascale supercomputer. Its extreme performance is set to accelerate science discovery at scale and drive foundational research across Europe in fields as diverse as climate modeling, energy systems and biomedical innovation.
Composed of highly energy-efficient partitions, JUPITER is also setting new standards in sustainability and stands out as the most energy-efficient system among the top five fastest supercomputers. Its first installed module, JEDI, has been dominating the Green500 list for a year since its debut in the rankings in May 2024. With more than 60 thousand millions operations per watt, the JUPITER Booster has earned the 21st position on the Green500 list of the world’s most energy-efficient supercomputers. With its highly efficient warm water-cooling system, JUPITER is also designed to use the waste heat generated in operation to heat buildings and will be integrated into the Jülich campus heating network.
Currently in the final stages of fine-tuning and technical acceptance at the Jülich Supercomputing Centre (JSC) in Germany, JUPITER is based on BullSequana XH3000 direct liquid cooled architecture supplied by Eviden. The system will be officially inaugurated after the summer and become fully available to European users later this year.
The JUPITER AI Factory (JAIF) , selected in March 2025 as part of the EuroHPC JU’s initiative to establish AI Factories across Europe, will also soon complement JUPITER by helping industry, particularly start-ups and small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), to harness its power to develop powerful, secure AI applications that conform with data protection requirements.
More details on JUPITER can be found in this JSC press release.
The EuroHPC Supercomputers: World-Class and Energy-Efficient
LUMI, the EuroHPC supercomputer operated by CSC in Finland together with the LUMI consortium, ranked 9th on the list, remaining among the world’s top 10 most powerful systems for the third consecutive year since May 2022. Based on an HPE Cray EX architecture supplied by Hewlett Packard Enterprise (HPE), LUMI has a measured HPL performance of 379.7 petaflops and continues to drive European research and innovation forward.
Leonardo, the EuroHPC supercomputer operated by CINECA, in Italy and based on BullSequana XH2000 technology supplied by Eviden, ranks 10th place in the global rankings, with a performance of 241,2 petaflops, a position it has held since November 2022. Following the signing of a contract for the LISA upgrade, Leonardo is also preparing for a major upgrade with a new AI-optimised partition. The upgrade will increase its operational performance while providing new functionalities to address evolving user needs.
All other operational EuroHPC supercomputers MareNostrum 5, Meluxina, Karolina, Discoverer, Deucalion and Vega, remain among the most powerful supercomputers worldwide. Meanwhile, most of the EuroHPC systems, including LUMI, Leonardo, MareNostrum 5, Meluxina, Discoverer and Vega, are already benefiting from the implementation of new AI Factories integrated with their existing infrastructure. These AI Factories offer tailored support services, completely free of charge, for start-ups and SMEs, and will soon provide additional AI-optimised supercomputing resources.
Another highlight of today’s TOP 500 publication is EuroHPC JU’s ongoing effort to procure green supercomputers, with many of its systems ranking highly on the Green500 list, a clear reflection of its strong focus on sustainable computing practices.
With more than 53 thousand millions operations per watt, the LUMI supercomputer reached the 36th spot on the latest Green500 list. Powered entirely by carbon-free hydroelectric renewable energy, LUMI uses liquid cooling to keep its processors cool, while repurposing waste heat for local district heating. Its data centre is free-cooled by the naturally low temperatures in northern Finland, further enhancing LUMI’s sustainability.
MareNostrum 5, the EuroHPC supercomputer operated by the Barcelona Supercomputing Center (BSC) and based on BullSequana XH3000 technology supplied by Eviden, has secured 44th place on the Green500 list with more than 48 thousand millions operations per watt. MareNostrum 5’s advanced design includes direct liquid cooling and energy-efficient HPC technologies, all powered by green energy, underscoring its commitment to sustainability without compromising performance.
Background
The TOP500 list ranks the world’s 500 most powerful supercomputers according to their performance on the LINPACK Benchmark, while the Green500 list ranks the 500 most powerful supercomputers according to energy-efficiency. Both lists are published twice a year and serve as essential benchmarks in the supercomputing community.
The EuroHPC Joint Undertaking (EuroHPC JU) is a legal and funding entity created in 2018 to enable the European Union and EuroHPC JU participating countries to coordinate their efforts and pool their resources with the objective of making Europe a world leader in supercomputing.
In order to equip Europe with a world-leading supercomputing infrastructure, the EuroHPC JU has already procured ten supercomputers, located across Europe. Through the EuroHPC Access Calls, European scientists and users from the public sector and industry can benefit from these EuroHPC supercomputers, which rank among the world’s most powerful.
Currently, the EuroHPC JU is also overseeing the implementation of 13 AI factories across Europe that offer free, customised support to SMEs and startups. These comprehensive open AI ecosystems centred around EuroHPC supercomputing facilities are supporting the growth of a highly competitive and innovative AI ecosystem in Europe.
The EuroHPC JU is also deploying a European Quantum Computing infrastructure, integrating diverse European quantum computing technologies with supercomputers. As part of this effort, the JU has recently procured six quantum computers, currently being deployed in Poland, Czechia, France, Germany, Italy and Spain, with additional systems coming soon to Luxembourg, and the Netherlands.
In parallel, the EuroHPC JU is investing in research and innovation projects to develop a full European supercomputing supply chain: from processors and software to applications to be run on these supercomputers and know-how to develop strong European HPC expertise.